Characteristic | Study cohort n = 180 |
---|---|
Age, years | 44 ± 14 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22 ± 3 |
Sex | |
Male | 126 (70) |
Female | 54 (30) |
Presentation | |
Haematuria | 133 (74) |
Pain | 42 (23) |
Other | 5 (3) |
Indication for RAE | |
Iatrogenic | 108 (60) |
PCNL | 76 |
Open surgery | 24 |
PCN, biopsy | 8 |
Trauma | 21 (12) |
Blunt | 15 |
Penetrating | 6 |
Tumour | 34 (19) |
AML | 23 |
RCC | 11 |
Spontaneous | 17 (9) |
Laboratory parameters | |
Pre-procedural haemoglobin, g/dl | 9.0 ± 2.2 |
Platelet count, 103/µl | 260 ± 100 |
Prothrombin level, % | 85 ± 15 |
Pre-procedural creatinine, mg/dl | 1.2 (0.6–8.2) |
Blood transfusion units | 3 (0–10) |
Total number of RA trials | 1 (0–4) |