Table 5 Diagnostic characteristics of basal Doppler findings’ cutoff points for the prediction of IUCD-induced heavy menstrual bleeding
Uterine A. PI, cutoff ≤ 2.20 | Uterine A. RI, cutoff ≤ 0.88 | Sub-end. PI, cutoff ≤ 1.94 | Sub-end. RI, cutoff ≤ 0.69 | Sub-end. VI, cutoff ≥ 3.75 | |
Sensitivity | 88.1% | 97.6% | 88.1% | 85.7% | 97.6% |
Specificity | 60.3% | 69.1% | 36.8% | 80.9% | 82.4% |
DA | 70.9% | 80.0% | 56.4% | 82.7% | 88.2% |
Youden’s index | 48.4% | 66.7% | 24.9% | 66.6% | 80.0% |
PPV | 57.8% | 66.1% | 46.3% | 73.5% | 77.4% |
NPV | 89.1% | 97.9% | 83.3% | 90.2% | 98.2% |
LR+ | 2.22 | 3.16 | 1.39 | 4.48 | 5.53 |
LR− | 0.20 | 0.03 | 0.32 | 0.18 | 0.03 |
LR | 11.24 | 91.76 | 4.30 | 25.38 | 191.33 |
Sub-end. FI, cutoff ≥ 3.20 | Sub-end. VFI, cutoff ≥ 1.32 | End. VI, cutoff ≥ 1.71 | End. FI, cutoff ≥ 16.00 | End. VFI, cutoff ≥ 0.18 | |
Sensitivity | 76.2% | 97.6% | 100.0% | 97.6% | 95.2% |
Specificity | 72.1% | 75.0% | 73.5% | 26.5% | 86.8% |
DA | 73.6% | 83.6% | 83.6% | 53.6% | 90.0% |
Youden’s index | 48.2% | 72.6% | 73.5% | 24.1% | 82.0% |
PPV | 62.7% | 70.7% | 70.0% | 45.1% | 81.6% |
NPV | 83.1% | 98.1% | 100.0% | 94.7% | 96.7% |
LR+ | 2.73 | 3.90 | 3.78 | 1.33 | 7.20 |
LR− | 0.33 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.09 | 0.05 |
LR | 8.25 | 123.00 | > 100.0 | 14.76 | 131.11 |