Fig. 2

Thirty-five-day-old infant presented with a large lumbar cystic swelling and paraplegia. a Transverse USG showed defective spinous process with CSF and nerve roots passing through it. b Longitudinal USG showed dilatation of central spinal canal with fluid (hydromyelia). c Sagittal STIR MRI showed defective spinous processes (white arrow), large lumbar swelling with CSF and nerve roots (myelomeningocele), and high signal fluid intensity noted within the spinal cord in keeping with syringohydromyelia (arrow). d Axial FLAIR MRI of brain showed hydrocephalus (Chiari II). Final diagnosis is Arnold-Chiari II Syndrome (myelomeningocele with syringohydromyelia and hydrocephalus), agreement frequency between ultrasound and MRI findings = 100%