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Table 3 Detailed magnetic resonance imaging features of inverted papillomas in different MRI sequences

From: Imaging of sino-nasal inverted papilloma: How can we emphasize the usefulness of the “striated pattern” sign?

Patient no. *

T1 signal

T1 pattern

T2 signal

T2 pattern

Presence of cysts

Pattern on GAD enhancement

ADC value **

Mass effect and presence of obstructive sinusitis

(1)

Slightly hyper-intense

Striated

Hypo-to-iso

Striated

None

Striated

1.3

Mild ethmoidal-maxillary sinusitis

(2)

Iso-intense

None

Hypo

Striated

Yes -central

Striated

enhancing cysts

1.6

Marked antro-choanal retention cyst

(3)

Iso-intense

Tiny hyper-focus

None

Hypo-to-iso

Striated

Yes -peripheral

Striated

1.2

Mild antral ad frontal sinus extension and sinusitis

(4)

Iso-intense

None

Hypo-to-iso-intense

Striated

No cysts

Striated

tiny internal cysts

1.5

Orbital extension- septal invasion and midline crossing

(5)

Iso-intense

Striated

Hypo-to-iso-intense

Striated

Yes - at periphery

Striated

Non-enhanced cysts

1.4

Obstructive sinusitis

(6)

Hyper-intense

None

Hypo-to-iso-intense

Striated

No cysts

Striated

1.2

Minimal maxillary obstruction

(7)

Iso -intense

None

Hypo-to-iso-intense

Striated

Yes - small cysts

Striated

Enhancing and non-enhancing cysts

1.1

Sphenoiditis

(8)

Iso-intense

None

Iso-intense

Striated

No cysts

Striated

1.1

Frontal sinus extension

(9)

Iso-intense

None

Hypo-to-iso-intense

Striated

No cysts

Striated

1.2

None (Limited within sinus cavity)

(10)

Slightly hyper-intense

None

Iso-intense

Striated (convoluted)

No cysts

Striated

1.2

Bilateral orbital extension

Bilateral maxillary obstructive sinusitis

(11)

Slightly hyper-intense

None

Iso-intense

Striated linear

No cysts

Striated

1.0

Obstructive maxillary sinusitis

(12)

Slightly hyper-intense

Striated

Hypo-to-iso-intense

Striated linear

No cysts

Striated

1.2

Obstructive maxillary sinusitis

(13)

Iso-intense

None

Hypo-intense

Striated linear

No cysts

Striated

9.6

Obstructive sphenoiditis

(14)

Iso-intense

None

Iso-intense

Striated linear

No cysts

Striated

1.2

Obstructive maxillary sinusitis

(15)

Hyper-intense

None

Mixed iso and deeply hypo-intense

Striated linear

No cysts

Striated Ill defined

7.0

None (limited within sinus cavity)

(16)

Iso-intense

None

Iso-intense

Striated linear

No cysts

Striated

1.4

None (limited within sinus cavity)

  1. ADC Apparent diffusion co-efficient (value represented as value __ × 10-3 cm2/s)