Presenting clinical symptoms | Final diagnosis | Imaging data | Potential SWI addition |
---|---|---|---|
Ten children with history of trauma with altered consciousness level | 10 patients with TBI | 5 patients with DAI 2 patients with subdural hemorrhage 2 patients with hemorrhagic brain contusion 1 patient with DAI, hemorrhagic brain contusion and intraventricular hemorrhage | SWI revealed a greater number of DAI lesions than the conventional MRI |
Five children with fever followed by deterioration of conscious level after an attack of respiratory/gastrointestinal infection | 5 patients with ANEC | 3 patients with hemorrhagic ANEC 2 patients with ANEC | SWI detect a greater number of hemorrhagic lesions than conventional MRI SWI also detect hemorrhagic lesions that was not seen by the conventional MRI imaging in one patient |
Five children with headache, focal neurological deficits, or seizures | 5 patients with cavernoma | 3 patients with cavernoma detected by conventional MRI 2 patients with cavernoma confirmed by SWI and serial follow up imaging | SWI detect a greater number of hemorrhagic areas within cavernoma lesions than conventional MRI SWI discovered two cavernoma that was not visible in the conventional MRI imaging |
Thirteen children with vomiting, headache, focal neurological deficit, seizures or coma | 9 patients with venous ischemic brain lesion | 6 patients with venous sinus thrombosis 3 patients with cortical vein thrombosis The follow up imaging and clinical data revealed absent venous sinus or cortical vein thrombosis in 4 patients (hypoglycemia was found in 2 patients, brain abscess was also found in 2 patients) | SWI diagnosed 8 patients (6 with venous sinus thrombosis and 2 with cortical vein thrombosis) and missed one case of cortical vein thrombosis) |
Seven children with neurological deficit | 7 patients with ischemic brain insult | 4 patients with moyamoya 3 patients with infarction | SWI revealed additional microhemorrhage in 1 case of moyamoya SWI revealed additional microhemorrhage in 2 patients with infarction SWI equivocally diagnosed 1 patient with infarction and prominent draining vein |