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Table 2 Causes of poor image quality or non-diagnostic view

From: Frontal tangential coronal view two-dimensional ultrasonography in assessment of fetal face [mouth and nose] in comparison with four-dimensional ultrasonography

Cause

No

No. in 2D exam

No. in 4D exam

P value

Decreased amniotic fluid

30

9

26

< 0.001

Close proximity to placenta

12

3

9

0.014

Close proximity to uterine wall

9

4

6

0.635a

Close proximity to limbs

13

4

9

0.049

Close Proximity to umbilical cord

2

1

2

1.000a

Posterior deep fetal head orientation

9

6

7

1.000a

Deeply seated fetal head at the pelvis

8

5

7

0.564a

Fetal movement

2

0

2

0.317a

  1. Values of statistically significant p values were marked in blod
  2. aFisher exact test was used instead of Pearson χ2 due to nonparametric data