1. Sino-nasal system | Mucosal thickening with variable enhancement with sinus wall |
Black turbinate sign | |
Osteomyelitis or frank destruction | |
Hyperdense contents in sinus | |
Peri antral fat obliteration | |
2. Face | Signs of extensive cellulitis or collections in infratemporal fosse/pterygopalatine fosse, masticator space |
3. Orbit | Extraconal – subperiosteal abscess, soft tissue fat stranding |
Conal- myositis, muscle infarctions | |
Intraconal- collections, cellulitis, psedotumor | |
Optic nerve- perineuritis, neuritis, infarction | |
Orbital apex and superior orbital fissure | |
Guitar pick sign | |
Endophthalmitis | |
4. Cavernous sinus | Filling defect in the cavernous sinus |
Nerve enhancement | |
ICA thrombosis | |
5. Intracranial | Extraaxial: meninigits, extradural/subdural epyema |
Cerebral: Abscess, direct invasion, septic embolic infarcts, large territorial ischemic infarcts | |
Hypertrophic pachymeningitis | |
Skull base osteomyelitis |