Fig. 3

Example illustrating quantitative measurements in MRI findings. a A 56-year-old woman with clinical diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis (shoulder pain and limitation of movement). Oblique coronal fat-sat T2-weighted image demonstrating measurement of the thickest part of axillary shoulder joint capsule in both humeral (blue line) and glenoid (red line)aspects. b A 59-year-old man among the control group cases. Oblique sagittal T2-weighted image demonstrating the thickness of the coracohumeral ligament (blue line). c A 56-year-old man among the control group cases. Axial fat-sat PD MR image noted at the level of the humeral head center illustrating the extent of shoulder external rotation. The extent of shoulder external rotation was measured in the form of an angle noted between two lines, one line extending between the center of humeral head and the longitudinal axis of scapula, and another line drawn between the center of the humeral head and the bicipital groove