Table 3 Comparison between control group and aqueductal stenosis, communicating hydrocephalus, brain atrophy, Dandy–Walker variant, and Arnold–Chiari malformation patients regarding velocity and flow parameters

PDV (cm/s)

 Range

0.8–1.2

7.9–11

1.1–6.03

0.8

0.9–1.3

2.92–6.03

 Mean ± SD

0.97 ± 0.142

9.233 ± 1.595

1.5 ± 1.156

0.8

1.033 ± 0.231

4.428 ± 1.156

 T

− 9.389

5.853

− 4.212

− 2.992

− 4.910

 P value

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

0.001*

< 0.015*

< 0.001*

PSV (cm/s)

 Range

0.6–1

7.5–9

0.8–6

1.45

1.2–1.4

2.7–6

 Mean ± SD

0.86 ± 0.165

8.1 ± 0.794

1.4 ± 1.076

1.45

1.267 ± 0.115

4.56 ± 1.076

 T

− 10.747

5.218

− 4.808

− 2.755

− 5.133

 P value

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

0.001*

< 0.022*

< 0.001*

MV (cm/s)

 Range

0.6–1

7.85–10.1

1–4.45

1.1

1.05–1.35

2–4.45

 Mean ± SD

0.875 ± 0.134

8.683 ± 1.233

1.3 ± 0.782

1.1

1.150 ± 0.173

3.493 ± 0.782

 T

− 10.438

8.948

− 4.636

− 2.919

− 5.006

 P value

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

0.001*

< 0.017*

< 0.001*

 MSF (m/s)

 Range

–

0.1–0.2

0.02–0.06

–

0.02–0.03

0.03–0.06

 Mean ± SD

–

0.15 ± 0.05

0.027 ± 0.011

–

0.023 ± 0.006

0.049 ± 0.011

T

–

6.521

− 3.055

–

− 3.802

 P value

–

< 0.001*

0.011*

–

0.003*

SV (µL)

 Range

–

44.6–80

5–8

–

5–9

15–33

 Mean ± SD

–

61.53 ± 17.75

6.667 ± 1.528

–

6.333 ± 2.309

21.475 ± 5.898

 T

–

6.572

− 4.186

–

− 4.240

 P value

–

< 0.001*

0.002*

–

0.001*