From: Multidetector computed tomography evaluation of bladder lesions
Bladder lesion | Clinical features | CT features |
---|---|---|
Bladder Cancer | Three main cell types: urothelial carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma Urothelial carcinoma: most common, 95%, multicentric (up to 40%) | Intraluminal papillary or nodular mass, asymmetric or focal wall thickening, small filling defects or less frequently diffuse wall thickening Squamous cell carcinoma: sessile rather than papillary Adenocarcinoma: diffuse bladder wall thickening and perivesical fat stranding |
Leiomyosarcoma | < 1% of all bladder malignancies Risk factors: systemic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and radiation therapy | Poorly circumscribed margin and invasion of the adjacent structure |
Rhabdomyosarcoma | Most common bladder tumor in children (< 10 years) Male: female ratio 1:3 | Large, nodular filling defects or masses in a polypoid or grape-like shape |
Lymphoma | Primary lymphoma is extremely rare Secondary involvement in 10%–25% MALT or DLBCL > 60 years | Nonspecific: solitary bladder masses (70%), multiple masses (20%) and diffuse bladder wall thickening (10%) |