Table 1 Summary of results in group (B) and (C) including ILD characterization, % of patients involved, radiological signs, and further investigatory tools
ILD | Predominant pattern in visual score | Final diagnosis | Group [B]: high viremia | Group [C]: high viremia, restrictive PFT | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No % | Radiological signs | Confirming investigation | No % | Radiological signs | Confirming investigation | ||||
Fibrotic ILD | Reticular pattern | Interstitial pneumonia (IP) | UIP | Absent | 17 | PF and “honey combing” | No need | ||
Fibrosing NSIP | 19 | PF and traction bronchiectasis/bronchiolectasis | BAL (↑neutrophils, eosinophils and lymphocytes) | ||||||
Non-IP (mimic) | Chronic HP | 10 | PF or septal thickening with “head cheese” | BAL (↑mast cells and lymphocytes with macrophages) | |||||
Sarcoidosis (stage II:IV) | 4 | Peri-bronchial fibro-nodular changes | Bronchoscopy, thoracoscopy, and biopsy | ||||||
Non-fibrotic ILD | Attenuation and nodular pattern | Interstitial pneumonia (IP) | Cellular NSIP | 10 | Sub-pleural GG | No need | Absent | ||
COP | 3 | Peri-bronchial “Atol sign” | BAL (↑ lymphocytes 20–40% and ↓ CD4/CD8 ratio is 0.3-0.5) | ||||||
CEP | 2 | Sub-pleural “Atol sign” | BAL (↑eosinophils 40–80% and ↑ CD4/CD8 ratio) | ||||||
LIP | 1 | GG and cysts | BAL (↑lymphocytes) | ||||||
Non-IP (mimic) | Sub-acute HP | 8 | Diffuse centrilobular GG nodules and “head cheese” | Clinical diagnosis | |||||
Alveolar proteinosis | 1 | “Crazy paving” | BAL (↑ protein SP-A and SP-D and Ig-G) | ||||||
Sarcoidosis (stage I) | 2 | Bilateral hilar and nodal enlargement | Bronchoscopy and biopsy | ||||||
Total | 27% (mild relation) | 50% (moderate relation) | |||||||