Table 1 TMN staging for RCC [8]
TMN stage | Disease extent |
|---|---|
T1 | Tumor ≤ 7 cm and confined to the kidney |
 • T1a |  • Tumor ≤ 4 cm |
 • T1b |  • Tumor > 4 cm but ≤ 7 cm |
T2 | Tumor > 7 cm and confined to the kidney |
 • T2a |  • Tumor > 7 cm but ≤ 10 cm |
 • T2b |  • Tumor > 10 cm but confined to the kidney |
T3 | Tumor extension into major veins or perinephric tissues but not into ipsilateral adrenal gland or beyond Gerota’s fascia |
 • T3a |  • Tumor grossly extends into the renal vein or its segmental (muscle containing) or tumor invades perirenal and/or renal sinus fat but not beyond Gerota’s fascia |
 • T3b |  • Tumor grossly extends into the vena cava below the diaphragm |
 • T3c |  • Tumor grossly extends into the vena cava above the diaphragm or invades the wall of the vena cava |
T4 | Tumor invades ipsilateral adrenal gland or extends through Gerota’s fascia |
N0 | No regional lymph node metastases |
N1 | Metastases to regional lymph nodes |
M0 | No distant metastases |
M1 | Distant metastases |