Fig. 2

Ganglioneuroblastoma: A 16-year-old female with a posterior mediastinal (left paravertebral) mass identified on CT. The patient clinically presented with dorsal back pain radiating to the right upper limb and bilateral hip pain with a history of blood transfusion to correct anemia. a Axial T1 WI, b and d axial and coronal T2 WI and c STIR WI show a well-defined oval-shaped posterior mediastinal (left paravertebral) mass displaying intermediate T1 and bright T2 and STIR signal intensities with a central scar showing bright signal on all three pulse sequences. Mass is centered on the adjacent neural exit foramina with no definite neural foraminal or intraspinal extension. Invasion of the posterior aspects of the adjacent ribs is seen in the form of soft tissue encasement. Associated patchy altered MR marrow signal of the examined bones is seen most evident on g axial STIR and DWI and the ADC map (from left to right). The mass shows restricted diffusion by being bright on e DWI and dark on the f ADC map: ADC_mean = 0.473 × 10−³ mm²/s and ADC_min = 0.327 × 10⁻³ mm²/s