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Table 2 Relations between abnormal enhancement of the anterior segment of the affected eyes and the main MRI and histopathologic findings carrying risk of metastasis

From: High Resolution MR Imaging guidelines in retinoblastoma: prospective study correlated with histopathological results

MRI and Histopathology Finding

Gadolinium enhancement of anterior eye segment

p value

Abnormal

Normal

Tumor size in maximum axial diameter mean±SD (mm)

1.75 ± 0.53

1.6 ± 0.43

.281

Postlaminar optic nerve invasion

   

Yes

20 (74)

7 (26)

.059

No

16 (26)

15 (48.4)

Choroidal invasion

   

Yes

29 (67.4)

14 (32.6)

.153

No

7 (46.7)

8 (53.3)

Postlaminar optic nerve and Choroidal invasion

   

Yes

17 (70.8)

7 (29.2)

.248

No

19 (56)

15 (44)

Scleral invasion

   

Yes

5 (55.6)

4 (44.4)

.661

No

31 (63.3)

18 (36.7)

Anterior eye segment invasion

   

Yes

7 (87.5)

5 (55.6)

.110

No

1 (12.5)

21 (42)

Iris neovascularization

   

Yes

8 (72.7)

3 (27.3)

.418

No

28 (60)

19 (40.4)

  1. SD standard deviation