Table 2 Distribution of COVID-19 and H1N1 patients according to predominant HRCT finding with statistical analysis of significance
HRCT findings | COVID-19 | H1N1 | X2 | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (65) | % | N (65) | % | |||
Site of the pathology: | ||||||
Bilateral | 55 | 84.6% | 60 | 92.3% | 1.88 | 0.17 |
Unilateral | 10 | 15.4% | 5 | 7.7% | 1.88 | 0.17 |
Mixed | 50 | 76.9% | 55 | 84.6% | 1.24 | 0.27 |
Lower lobar only | 10 | 15.4% | 7 | 10.8% | 0.61 | 0.44 |
Upper lobar only | 5 | 7.7% | 3 | 4.6% | 0.53 | 0.47 |
Diffuse/mixed | 30 | 46.2% | 35 | 53.8% | 0.77 | 0.38 |
Sub-pleural | 34 | 52.3% | 30 | 46.2% | 0.49 | 0.48 |
Proximal | 1 | 1.5% | Not detected | 1 | 0.32 | |
HRCT findings related to parenchymal or alveolar pathology (GGOs): | ||||||
Mild stage: | 50 | 76.9% | 44 | 67.7% | ||
Pure ground glass nodules or patchy opacities (GGOs). | 18 (36%) | 27.7% | 10 (22.7%) | 15.4% | 1.97 | 0.16 |
GGOs showing peripheral organization “Atoll sign” | 13 (26%) | 20% | 7 (15.9%) | 10.8% | 1.42 | 0.23 |
GGOs mixed with consolidative changes. | 19 (38%) | 29.2% | 27 (61.3%) | 41.5% | 5.11 | 0.02 |
Severe or critical stage: | 15 | 23.1% | 15 | 23.1% | ||
GGOs mixed with consolidative changes. | 1 (7%) | 1.5% | Not detected | 1 | 0.31 | |
GGOs mixed with fibrotic changes. | 1 (7%) | 1.5% | Not detected | 1 | 0.31 | |
“Crazy paving pattern” (part of DAD or ARDS) | 13 (86%) | 20% | 15 (100%) | 23.1% | 2.14 | 0.14 |
HRCT findings related to bronchial/bronchiolar airway pathology: (N.B: either isolated or mixed with alveolar pattern, all were mild) | ||||||
Tree in bud nodules | 1 | 1.5 % | 9 | 13.8% | 6.93 | 0.008* |
Air trapping | Not detected | 7 | 10.8% | 7.4 | 0.007* | |
Bronchial wall thickening | Not detected | 5 | 7.7% | 5.2 | 0.02* | |
Traction bronchiectasis | Not detected | 5 | 7.7% | 5.2 | 0.02* | |
Mucous plugging | Not detected | 4 | 6.2 % | 4.13 | 0.04* | |
Mixed air trapping and GGO “Head cheese pattern” | Not detected | 3 | 4.6% | 3.07 | 0.08 | |
Relevant associated HRCT findings: | ||||||
Pleural effusion | 3 | 4.6% | 7 | 10.8% | 1.73 | 0.19 |
Pericardial effusion | 2 | 3.1% | 6 | 9.2% | 2.13 | 0.14 |
Cavitation | 1 | 1.5% | 1 | 1.5% | 0 | 1 |
Significant L.N enlargement | 7 | 10.8% | 5 | 7.7% | 0.37 | 0.54 |