Table 4 Distribution of imaging findings by adverse clinical outcomes of COVID-19
Imaging findings | ICU admission | P value | Death | P value | Disease severitya | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | Yes | No | Moderate | Severe | Critical | ||||
Ground glass, n (%) | ||||||||||
Yes | 159 (97.5) | 333 (92.5) | 0.024 | 114 (94.2) | 378 (94.0) | 0.940 | 219 (90.5) | 150 (96.8) | 123 (97.6) | 0.005 |
No | 4 (2.5) | 27 (7.5) | 7 (5.8) | 24 (6.0) | 23 (9.5) | 5 (3.2) | 3 (2.4) | |||
Consolidation, n (%) | ||||||||||
Yes | 157 (96.3) | 319 (88.6) | 0.004 | 116 (95.9) | 360 (89.6) | 0.033 | 204 (84.3) | 151 (97.4) | 121 (96.0) | < 0.001 |
No | 6 (3.7) | 41 (11.4) | 5 (4.1) | 42 (10.4) | 38 (15.7) | 4 (2.6) | 5 (10.6) | |||
Reticular pattern, n (%) | ||||||||||
Yes | 49 (30.1) | 80 (22.2) | 0.54 | 32 (26.4) | 97 (24.1) | 0.604 | 48 (19.8) | 45 (29.0) | 36 (28.6) | 0.059 |
No | 114 (69.9) | 280 (77.8) | 89 (73.6) | 305 (75.9) | 194 (80.2) | 110 (71.0) | 90 (71.4) | |||
Bilateral lung involvement, n (%) | ||||||||||
Yes | 162 (99.4) | 335 (93.1) | 0.002 | 119 (98.3) | 378 (94.0) | 0.055 | 226 (93.4) | 145 (93.5) | 126 (100) | 0.013 |
No | 1 (0.6) | 25 (6.9) | 2 (1.7) | 24 (6.0) | 16 (6.6) | 10 (6.5) | 0 (0) | |||
Crazy paving, n (%) | ||||||||||
Yes | 40 (24.5) | 71 (19.7) | 0.212 | 30 (24.8) | 81 (20.1) | 0.273 | 44 (18.2) | 40 (25.8) | 27 (21.4) | 0.193 |
No | 123 (75.5) | 289 (80.3) | 91 (75.2) | 321 (79.9) | 198 (81.8) | 115 (74.2) | 99 (78.6) | |||
Pleural effusion, n (%) | ||||||||||
Yes | 8 (4.9) | 34 (9.4) | 0.077 | 5 (4.1) | 37 (9.2) | 0.072 | 20 (8.3) | 17 (11.0) | 5 (4.0) | 0.098 |
No | 155 (95.1) | 326 (90.6) | 116 (95.9) | 365 (90.8) | 222 (91.7) | 138 (89.0) | 121 (96.0) | |||
Lesions distribution, n (%) | ||||||||||
Peribronchovascular | ||||||||||
Yes | 78 (47.9) | 97 (26.9) | < 0.001 | 58 (47.9) | 117 (29.1) | < 0.001 | 54 (22.3) | 58 (37.4) | 63 (50.0) | < 0.001 |
No | 85 (52.1) | 263 (73.1) | 63 (52.1) | 285 (70.9) | 188 (77.7) | 97 (62.6) | 63 (50.0) | |||
Peripheral | ||||||||||
Yes | 157 (96.3) | 347 (96.4) | 0.968 | 119 (98.3) | 385 (95.8) | 0.184 | 234 (96.7) | 148 (95.5) | 122 (96.8) | 0.781 |
No | 6 (3.7) | 13 (3.6) | 2 (1.7) | 17 (4.2) | 8 (3.3) | 7 (4.5) | 4 (3.2) | |||
Number of zones involved, median (IQR) | 5 (4-5) | 4 (3–5) | < 0.001 | 5 (4–5) | 4 (4–5) | 0.002 | 4 (3–5) | 5 (4-5) | 5 (4–5) | < 0.001 |
CSS (continuous), median (IQR) | 17 (11-22) | 22 (18–24) | < 0.001 | 18 (12–22) | 22 (17–24) | < 0.001 | 15 (10.75–20.25) | 20 (15–23) | 23 (18–25) | < 0.001 |
CSS ≥ 19, n (%) | ||||||||||
Yes | 115 (70.6) | 150 (41.7) | < 0.001 | 76 (62.8) | 189 (47.0) | 0.002 | 79 (32.6) | 93 (60.0) | 93 (73.8) | < 0.001 |
No | 48 (29.4) | 210 (58.3) | 45 (37.2) | 213 (53.0) | 163 (67.4) | 62 (40.0) | 33 (26.2) | |||