Negative renal angiography with subsequent denied angioembolization: findings in a series of 180 patients at a tertiary interventional uroradiology unit

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients (n = 180) that underwent renal arterial embolization (RAE)

Characteristic	Study cohort n = 180
Age, years	44 ± 14
Body mass index, kg/m²	22 ± 3
Sex
Male	126 (70)
Female	54 (30)
Presentation
Haematuria	133 (74)
Pain	42 (23)
Other	5 (3)
Indication for RAE
Iatrogenic	108 (60)
PCNL	76
Open surgery	24
PCN, biopsy	8
Trauma	21 (12)
Blunt	15
Penetrating	6
Tumour	34 (19)
AML	23
RCC	11
Spontaneous	17 (9)
Laboratory parameters
Pre-procedural haemoglobin, g/dl	9.0 ± 2.2
Platelet count, 10³/µl	260 ± 100
Prothrombin level, %	85 ± 15
Pre-procedural creatinine, mg/dl	1.2 (0.6–8.2)
Blood transfusion units	3 (0–10)
Total number of RA trials	1 (0–4)

Data presented as n of patients (%) for categorical data, mean ± SD for normally distributed continuous data and median (range) for continuous data that were not normally distributed
PCNL post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy, PCN percutaneous nephrostomy, AML angiomyolipoma, RCC renal cell carcinoma, RA renal angiography