Fig. 3From: The added role of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography in the evaluation of pathological nipple dischargeA 37-year-old female patient complained of bloody nipple discharge from the right breast. Mammography MLO (a, b) and CC views (c, d) showed right lower central focal asymmetry. Ultrasound showed right dilated ducts with echogenic content, and inspissated secretion with peri-ductal increased vascularity in color Doppler. Cytology was negative for malignant cells. CESM in MLO (e, f) and CC views (g, h) showed a clumped, non-mass enhancement of segmental distribution and was categorized as BI-RADS 4. Pathology revealed peri-ductal mastitis. MLO, mediolateral oblique; CC, craniocaudal, CESM, contrast-enhanced spectral mammographyBack to article page