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Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine

Table 2 Neuroimaging findings between the two waves. Relevant data from Chowdhary et al., and Choi et al. is also tabulated for comparison (MCA—middle cerebral artery; ICA—internal carotid artery; AIFS—acute invasive fungal sinusitis; ICP—intracranial pressure; PRES—posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; AHNE—acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalitis; CLOCC—cytotoxic lesion of the corpus callosum)

From: Changes in the profile of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and related neuroimaging findings during the first and second waves: a South Indian perspective

Imaging findings

1st wave

2nd wave

Total

p-value

Chowdhary et al. (%)

Choi et al. (%)

n

%

n

%

n

%

Dural sinus thrombosis

15

4.9

2

1

17

3.3

0.02

  

Cavernous sinus thrombosis

5

1.6

7

3.5

12

2.4

0.23

  

MCA thrombosis

3

1

2

1

5

1

1.00

  

ICA thrombosis

8

2.6

4

2

12

2.4

0.77

  

Vertebral artery thrombosis

2

0.7

0

0

2

0.4

0.52

  

AIFS

34

11

44

21.9

78

15.3

0.001

  

Noninvasive sinusitis

9

2.9

30

14.9

39

7.6

 < 0.001

  

Orbital cellulitis

1

0.3

29

14.4

30

5.9

 < 0.001

  

Otomastoiditis

4

1.3

3

1.5

7

1.4

0.62

  

Brain abscess

4

1.3

4

2

8

1.6

1.00

  

Skull-base osteomyelitis

5

1.6

2

1

7

1.4

0.53

  

Raised ICP

12

3.9

4

2

16

3.1

0.45

  

Cerebral edema

1

0.3

2

1

3

0.6

0.63

  

Ischemic stroke

82

26.5

39

19.4

121

23.7

0.06

36.2

24

Hemorrhagic stroke

4

1.3

2

1

6

1.2

0.74

24

 

Encephalitis

4

1.3

3

1.5

7

1.4

0.81

14

3.3

Meningitis

6

1.9

4

2

10

2

0.54

  

PRES

3

1

4

2

7

1.4

0.78

25.7

 

Demyelination

2

0.6

2

1

4

0.8

0.64

  

Transverse myelitis

1

0.3

2

1

3

0.6

0.63

  

AHNE

1

0.3

0

0

1

0.2

0.60

  

CLOCC

1

0.3

0

0

1

0.2

0.60

  

Macrohemorrhages

15

4.9

1

0.5

16

3.1

0.007

 

5.4

Microhemorrhage

3

1

0

0

3

0.6

0.42

 

6.9

Non-specific T2 hyperintensity

9

2.9

0

0

9

1.8

0.01

  

White matter hypodensity

7

2.3

0

0

7

1.4

0.01

  
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